ABSTRACT
Diabetes has become a major burden of healthcare expenditure. Diabetes management
following a uniform treatment algorithm is often associated with progressive treatment
failure and development of diabetic complications. Recent advances in our understanding
of the genomic architecture of diabetes and its complications have provided the frame-
work for development of precision medicine to personalize diabetes prevention and man-
agement. In the present review, we summarized recent advances in the understanding of
the genetic basis of diabetes and its complications. From a clinician’s perspective, we
attempted to provide a balanced perspective on the utility of genomic medicine in the
field of diabetes. Using genetic information to guide management of monogenic forms
of diabetes represents the best-known examples of genomic medicine for diabetes.
Although major strides have been made in genetic research for diabetes, its complications
and pharmacogenetics, ongoing efforts are required to translate these findings into prac-
tice by incorporating genetic information into a risk prediction model for prioritization of
treatment strategies, as well as using multi-omic analyses to discover novel drug targets
with companion diagnostics. Further research is also required to ensure the appropriate
use of this information to empower individuals and healthcare professionals to make
personalized decisions for achieving the optimal outcome.
Download: Precision medicine in diabetes prevention, classification and management